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Ovlivnění odpovědí rostlin k teplotnímu stresu modulací hladin cytokininů a giberelinů
Kharkevich, Kristina
Plants are sessile organisms which are very much affected by global climate change. In order to prevent themselves by overheating Arabidopsis plants induce growth to cool themselves more efficiently. Growth response to increased ambient temperature is modulated by different classes of hormones. Despite their importance in proliferation, effect of cytokinins under increased ambient temperature haven been studied in details so far. Experiments with transgenic plants expressing bacterial gene ipt and Hordeum vulgare gene HvCKX revealed that increased and also decreased levels of cytokinins affect morphometric parameters of Arabidopsis seedlings and plants. Experiments with mutant lines revealed that cytokinin-induced growth responses are independent of light signalling and response regulators controlling circadian rhythm. Combine experiments with pharmacological substance and genetic mutants show that cytokinin-induced growth responses under heat stress are independent of gibberellin signalling pathway. Formula clause:I herewith request that my Diploma thesis (Cytokinins and gibberellins induced changes in growth response to heat stress) is excluded from the open public access granted in accordance with the Section 47b of Act No. 111/1998 Coll., on Higher Education Institutions and the alterations and amendments thereto. This work contains sensitive data that are prepared for publishing in an impacted scientific journal. The restriction should last for at least 24 months.
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Evaluation of selected cereals in conventional and organic farming - protein content and impact on greenhouse gases emissions
VEBROVÁ, Ivana
Agriculture is, after fossil fuels, the second largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions, which are responsible for global climate change, and it is necessary to look for ways to reduce this environmental load. Cereals are the most cultivated crops in the world, so it is appropriate to examine their share of this load. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate and compare the environmental aspects of the cultivation of selected cereals (wheat, rye and barley) in the conventional and ecological farming system. The resulting environmental load was first calculated on 1 kg of grain, and then the load was recalculated to a load of 1 kg of protein contained in grain of selected cereals. Protein content in grain is one of the grain quality indicators. A simplified LCA method has been used for the environmental load calculations. This method is used for environmental impact assessments and covers the whole life cycle of the product.
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Climate change and related species shift in algal and cyanobacterial communities.
Kosová, Alena ; Němcová, Yvonne (advisor) ; Pichrtová, Martina (referee)
Therefore, species are expected to move towards the poles in response to shifting climate ones. This warming trend also includes the establishment of tropical algae in temperate systems of the Northern Hemisphere. Numerous tropical and subtropical species of microalgae have been reported in the last decades in the continental waters of Europe. The aims of the Bachelor thesis are to summarize articles concerning changes in diversity and dynamics focused on algae and blue-green algae in temperate water bodies. Several hypotheses about the origin, modes of distribution and the ability of microorganisms to overcome stressful condition during the transportation are also discussed in this work.
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Emission load during growing of selected crops
SLABÁ, Jiřina
Diplomová práce se zabývala hodnocením životního cyklu ovsa. Byly porovnány pěstitelské technologie v konvenčním a ekologickém systému hospodaření ve vztahu k produkci skleníkových plynů. Pomocí dotazníkového šetření a odborné literatury byla zjištěna data ze zemědělství. Cílem práce bylo vyhodnotit vliv jednotlivých agrotechnických faktorů na zatížení životního prostředí emisemi skleníkových plynů v konvenčním a ekologickém zemědělství. K výpočtu environmentálního dopadu byl použit softwarový program SIMAPro. Vstupy a výstupy byly vztaženy k jednotce jednoho hektaru a výsledná hodnota byla přepočtena na 1 kg ovsa. Vstupem byly technologické operace, množství hnojiv, prostředky na ochranu rostlin a výstupem studie byla emisní zátěž na 1 kg ovsa vyjádřená v CO2 ekvivalentu.
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Emission load during growing of selected crops
MRÁČKOVÁ, Jana
The thesis focuses on partial assessment of the life cycle of the strawberry plant (Fragaria), the breeding of which has a long tradition in the Czech Republic. The breeding technologies in conventional and ecological farming systems are compared, in relation to the greenhouse gases emission. The data from agriculture and transportation were accumulated by way of questionnaire survey and expert literature.The objective of this thesis was to assess the impact of individual agrotechnical factors on the pollution of the environment with greenhouse gases emissions in conventional and ecological farming systems, and also to test the hypothesis on whether it is better, from the environmental point of view, to consume locally produced or imported strawberries.The environmental impact was calculated with the SIMAPro software. This tool uses the Ecoinvent databases and enables to create a model of life cycle of the product in question according to the ČSN EN ISO 14040 and ČSN EN ISO 14044 standards. Theinputs and outputs were related to the unit of one hectare and the resulting value was converted as per 1 kg of strawberries. The input included technological operations, amount of fertilisers, and plant protection products; the output of the analysis was the emission load per1 kg of strawberries expressed in the CO2 equivalent.
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Greenhouse gasses emission load within animal production
LAŠTŮVKOVÁ, Jana
This thesis deals with a quantity of CO2 emissions produced during breeding of pigs. Two systems of farming (conventional and organic) were compared between each other. With help of questionnaire survey the data were obtained ? they were needed for a calculation of CO2 emissions in software program SIMA PRO which calculates emissions produced in agricultural phase: the breeding of animal from its birth to the end of fattening and converts them into CO2 equivalent. The aim of this work was to find out, which system of farming produces more CO2 emissions.
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Greenhouse gasses emission load during vegetable growing
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Pavla
This thesis is focused on a survey whether the production of greenhouse gases by cultivation of vegetable, concretely garlic, is higher in a conventional way of cultivation or in an organic way of cultivation of garlic (from view of the environment). The study is composed on the base of all system processes which are used during cultivation of garlic. It was clear from collection of input data (which were obtained by questionnaire or telephone survey) that main processes for calculation would be mainly agricultural processes. An emission load of CO2 equivalent to a kilogram of individual product was calculated from obtained data and information from a database Ecoinvent. The purpose of this work is making information about possibility of choice of food and its influence on the environment available to people. It should help them to choose which food they want to eat. The conclusion of this thesis is the result which shows that organic cultivation of garlic is more sparing to the environment because it produces less emission than conventional agriculture.
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Environmental load during production a processing of food wheat and production of bread
HYŠPLER, Robin
This thesis was made in co-operation with international project M00080- EUS-AT-SUKI Sustainable Kitchen, which is focused to make an inquiry of total emissions of carbon dioxide producted by catering estabilishments and finds possibilities of reducing these emissions. The thesis deals with an emission?s contamination of wheat flour and bread. Informations and data about agriculture, processing and transport of chosen commodities were collected from questionaires and scientific literature. The emission?s contamination of equivalent CO2 per kilogram of particular products and commodities was worked out from data and informations of the Ecoinvent database. The comparision between systems of management and regionality (ie. whether products are imported or local) is included. The main aim of this thesis was to prove whether the consumation of products from organic or conventional farming is environmentally more beneficial, the same comparision were made between regional or imported products
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